Official French exams (DELF/DALF): which one do you need to study in France, and how to prepare for it
If you’re considering studying in France, one of the most important requirements you’ll need to meet is language proficiency. French is a fundamental pillar of French higher education, and to gain admission to universities or educational institutions in the country, you’ll most likely be required to provide official certification of your French level.
The DELF (Diplôme d’Études en Langue Française) and DALF (Diplôme Approfondi de Langue Française) exams are the most widely recognized tests for certifying your level of French. In this article, we tell you everything you need to know about these exams: what they measure, their format, how to prepare, and what preparation courses are available.
What does each level of the DELF and DALF measure?
The DELF and DALF exams are designed to assess your French level using a six-level system (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2), which corresponds to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Below, we explain what each level measures:
DELF A1 (Beginner)
This level measures the ability to understand and use everyday expressions and simple phrases in basic situations. It is aimed at those who are beginning to learn French.
DELF A2 (Elementary)
At this level, you will be able to understand frequently used phrases and expressions in areas of immediate experience, such as personal and family information, and you will be able to interact in simple situations.
DELF B1 (Intermediate)
At this level, you will be able to understand the main points of clear texts in standard French, on topics that are familiar to you, and you will be able to produce simple texts related to your interests.
DELF B2 (Upper Intermediate)
At this level, you will be able to interact with a degree of fluency that allows for normal communication with native speakers. The focus is on understanding complex topics and arguing about ideas coherently.
DALF C1 (Advanced)
This level measures your ability to understand a wide range of complex texts and express ideas fluently and accurately. C1 focuses on your ability to produce detailed and structured speeches.
DALF C2 (Master’s)
The highest level, C2, assesses your ability to understand virtually everything you read and hear in French. It also requires you to express yourself fluently and accurately, even in complex and specialized situations.
DELF and DALF exam format
The DELF and DALF exams consist of four main tests that assess the four language skills: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, speaking, and writing. Here’s an explanation of the format of each:
- Listening comprehension: You will listen to recordings of conversations and speeches, and then answer questions about the content. This test measures your ability to understand spoken French in everyday or academic situations.
- Reading comprehension: You will be presented with texts, such as articles, letters, advertisements, etc., followed by questions that you must answer. This assesses your ability to understand written texts and extract key information.
- Written expression: You will have to write a text in French on a given topic. At higher levels, you will be asked to argue complex issues, while at lower levels, your ability to write coherently and clearly will be assessed.
- Oral expression: This test consists of an interview with an examiner or a presentation on a given topic. It assesses your ability to communicate fluently and coherently in French.
Strategies for preparing for the DELF/DALF
Preparing for the DELF/DALF exams can seem daunting, but with the right strategy, you can succeed. Here are some recommendations:
- Practice regularly: It’s important to practice all four skills (speaking, listening, reading, and writing) every day. While you can focus on one specific skill each day, try to include some of each in your daily routine.
- Take practice exams: Taking practice exams will help you become familiar with the test format and improve your time management. There are past exams you can find to practice with.
- Listen and read in French: Immerse yourself in the language as much as possible. Listen to music, watch movies or series in French, and read books or articles to improve your listening and reading comprehension.
- Practice with native speakers: If you have the opportunity, speaking with native speakers is one of the best ways to improve your fluency and understand the nuances of the language.
- Don’t neglect grammar: While fluency is important, so is having a solid grammatical foundation. Review verb tenses, conjugations, and grammatical structures to avoid common mistakes.
Exam times
The duration of the exam varies depending on the level:
- DELF A1/A2: Approximately 1 hour and 30 minutes for listening and reading comprehension, and 30 to 45 minutes for writing.
- DELF B1/B2: Approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes for listening and reading comprehension, and 1 hour for writing.
- DALF C1/C2: Approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes for listening and reading comprehension, and 1 hour for writing. The oral interview may last between 20 and 30 minutes.
DELF/DALF preparation courses
You can prepare for these exams on your own, but it’s also recommended to take specific DELF/ DALF courses that will guide you through the process. There are many options available, both in-person and online. Here are a few:
- Courses at language institutions: Many language academies offer preparation courses for the DELF/DALF exams. These courses are designed to help you improve your skills in the areas where you need them most and familiarize you with the exam format.
- Online platforms: Numerous platforms offer free and paid resources to help you prepare. Some examples include Français Authentique , Lingoda , and Frantastique .
- Preparation books: Many books are specifically designed to help you prepare for the DELF/DALF exams. Among the most popular are those in the “Réussir le DELF” or “Objectif DELF” series, which include exercises, mock exams, and helpful tips.
Conclusion
The DELF and DALF are official certifications that will open doors for you if you want to study in France. Preparing for these exams will help you not only access higher education but also improve your French language skills. Remember that, although it may seem challenging, with the right strategy and resources, you can achieve your goal!